Eat+up+Strawberries

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Title
The Different Between Fresh and Frozen Strawberries

Broad Question
If people can tell the differents between Fresh and Frozen foods

Specific Question
What percent of subjects can tell which type of frozen strawberry they tasted?

Hypothesis
It is Hypothesis that 12 out of the 20 subjects will be able to tell the difference between the types of strawberries

Independent Variable:
Frozen Time

Dependent Variable:
The percent of subjects that can tell which strawberry is which.

===Controlled **Variable:** === Knife

Cups Brand of Fresh Strawberries Brand of Frozen Strawberries Cutting Broad Science Room Bag That I Kept the Fresh Strawberries in Bag That I Kept the Frozen Strawberries in People That Tasted Both Strawberries Freezer

Potential Problems And Solutions
Taking the strawberries out at the same time - take them out at the same time at my house Having both types of strawberries in the same cups - pay enough

Safety Or Environmental Concerns
Choking Allergies

Experimental Design

 * The experiment was conducted to test if kids in 7th and 8th grade can tell the difference between fresh frozen strawberries and store frozen strawberries. The fresh strawberries were bought, cut, put in a ziplock bag, and frozen for 4 weeks. Ten strawberries from each type of strawberry was cut in half to make it twenty strawberries, which were place in cups. On the day of the experiment twenty subjects tasted each type of strawberry. The subjects wrote down on a piece of paper which type is which and they had to check off which type of strawberry they liked better. After the subjects finished doing the experiment the mean was calculated to determine if the subjects could tell the difference between the two types of strawberries. **

Resources and Budget Table

 * Item || Number needed || Where I will get this || Cost ||
 * Fresh Strawberries || 15 || Hannaford || $4.98 ||
 * Frozen Strawberries || 15 || Walmart || $3.49 ||
 * Dixie Cups || 20 || Walmart || $2.98 ||
 * Knife || 1 || Borrowed ||  ||
 * Cutting Board || 1 || Borrowed ||  ||
 * Freezer || 1 || At my house || $ 1,529.10 ||
 * Strainer || 1 || Borrowed ||  ||
 * Sink || 1 || Borrowed ||  ||

Detailed Procedure
Procedure:

Take pictures of all steps


 * 1) Drive to Hannaford.
 * 2) At Hannaford get Fresh Strawberries (3 ounces) that are from Florida pay for them, go home.
 * 3) Go into the kitchen.
 * 4) Wash the Strawberries that are from Hannaford with water, then cut the leafs off the Fresh Frozen Strawberries.
 * 5) Put all the Fresh Frozen Strawberries that you cut off the leafs and put them in a glad ziploc bag.
 * 6) Put the glad bag full of Strawberries in the freezer for four weeks. For now on they will be called Fresh Frozen Strawberries.
 * 7) Go to school and hand out permission slips to a total of 30 people.
 * 8) Three weeks later get Frozen Strawberries from Walmart bring them home and put them. For this point on these Strawberries will be called Store Frozen Strawberries.
 * 9) Go to school in the morning and collect the permission slips and get 20 people to participate in the experiment.
 * 10) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">After the four weeks are up take the Fresh Frozen Strawberries out of the freezer and the Store Frozen Strawberries out of the freezor.
 * 11) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bring both types of strawberries into school.
 * 12) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Bring in a knife and a cutting board.
 * 13) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Put them down on a table in Mr. Yahna room.
 * 14) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">On the same table make 20 dixie cups that have an “A” on them and make 20 dixie cups that have a “B” on them with a sharpy.
 * 15) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cut both types of strawberries on the cutting board with the knife that I brought in.
 * 16) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cut them into a half vertically, on the same table.
 * 17) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Put one half of a Fresh Frozen Strawberry in all the 20 “A” cups and put one half of the Store Frozen Strawberries in all the “B” cups.
 * 18) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Cut 10 pieces of copy paper in half that will make 20 piece of paper.
 * 19) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">On papers make a table with a chart that has an “A” and a ”B” column and one more column so the subjects can write which one they like better.
 * 20) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Have the 20 people eat one of the Fresh Frozen Strawberry, have the subjects wait 30 seconds “now you can eat” then have them eat the Store Frozen Strawberry.
 * 21) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Write on the chart which type is which if they could tell
 * 22) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Check the box that like column for which type of strawberry the subject likes better.
 * 23) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Collected the papers

Graphs




Photos




Results
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">More people could correctly the strawberries. In this experiment the results show that 12 subjects were correct in choosing which strawberry was which and 8 subjects were incorrect. 60% of the subjects could identify the strawberries correctly and 40% could not identify the strawberries correctly.

Conclusion
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The experiment was designed to test if subjects in middle school can tell the difference between fresh and frozen strawberries. The results show that 60% of students in middle school could tell the difference between each strawberry. The average was 0.6 students.

Discussion
The experiment question was, what percent of subjects can tell which type of frozen strawberry they tasted? The results of the experiment showed that subjects were able to tell the differences between fresh frozen and factory frozen. It was hypothesized that 60% of test subjects would be able to tell the difference between the two types of strawberries. The test results supported the hypothesis. More people could correctly identify the strawberries. In this experiment the results show that 12 subjects were correct in choosing which strawberry was which and 8 subjects were incorrect. 60% of the subjects could identify the strawberries correctly and 40% could not identify the strawberries correctly. As trials were conducted it was not clear immediately if subjects would support the hypothesis. The mean graph did not show the results as clearly as the bar graph. This is because the mean graph represented correct guesses. The subjects tasted strawberries before and that helped them figure out which one was which. It was found that a study took place about meat not strawberries to see if people could tell the difference between frozen meat and not frozen meat. It was found that people could tell the difference between the two meats. The results can be explained though this experiment. A problem that went wrong was that the fresh frozen strawberries started to get mushy before all 20 subjects could taste them. The experiment design and operation did not change as the experiment was run. To make the results better instead of 20 subjects the experiment could have involved 21 subjects or more. A camera was used throughout this experiment. Restaurant can use this information because now they know that people in the restaurants can tell the quality of the food and restaurants can know what people like better. Companies may try to freeze other fruits so they're available year round. Other questions are if other fruits and vegetables can be frozen to have the nutrients stay in the foods.

Background Research
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Strawberries are sprawling plants. Seedlings will send out runners, or ‘daughter’ plants, which in turn will send out their own runners.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">pH should be between 5.5 and 7. If necessary, amend your soil in advance.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 12px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Strawberries require 6-10 hours a day of direct sunlight, so choose your planting site accordingly.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">You're both right. It's true that fresh fruit and vegetables tend to taste better and have more nutritional value than frozen or canned. But that's not always the case.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">To help retain the highest levels of vitamin C, don't thaw frozen veggies before cooking. Studies show that vegetables cooked directly from frozen retain more vitamin C than vegetables that are thawed first.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #333333; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Fresh is best when it really is farm-fresh and ripe. But many commercial fruits and veggies are picked before peak ripeness -- which also means before their nutritional peak -- to avoid spoilage during transport and storage. And just a few days after harvest, fruits and vegetables begin to lose some of their nutritive goodness. What's more, the longer they sit on the shelf -- during transport, in the supermarket, and in your fridge -- the fewer nutrients they have left to pass on to you.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ideally, by the end of the school year, students should have had <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">the opportunity to try at least one food from each of the food <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">groups: whole grains, fruits, vegetables, protein and low-fat/fatfree milk products. Provide many opportunities through different taste testing events to try different foods. It is more effective to <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">conduct taste test events with only two or three food items at a <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">time, rather than offering five or more items.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Believe it or not, frozen foods aren’t all bad for you—sometimes they’re the best in-a-pinch options available.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #454545; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> While canned vegetables tend to lose a lot of nutrients during the preservation process (notable exceptions include tomatoes and pumpkin), frozen vegetables may be even more healthful than some of the fresh produce sold in supermarkets, says Gene Lester, Ph.D., a plant physiologist at the USDA Agricultural Research Center in Weslaco, Texas

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #454545; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> Fruits and vegetables chosen for freezing tend to be processed at their peak ripeness, a time when—as a general rule—they are most nutrient-packed.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Photo Credit frozen strawberries image by João Freitas from Fotolia.com <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Fresh food is naturally better for you, but if the food has been picked before it is ripe

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Some frozen foods have been picked at their peak, thus allowing it to be nutrient packed. Most food loses its nutrients when handled and processed for retail.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Fresh, ripe foods taste better than frozen, pre-ripe foods. Some frozen foods are picked before they are ripe and never develop full nutritional value, which can affect the taste as well. Raw meats are not affected at all by the freezing process, but uncooked meat does better in the freezer than cooked meat. Uncooked meat such as chicken and wild game can last in the freezer from eight to 11 months, according to the United States Department of Agriculture.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Sometimes frozen foods are a better choice than fresh, such as in cases of food outbreaks and when there is a shortage of fresh food. In general, frozen fruits and vegetables are less expensive than fresh ones during winter months. The freezing process slows enzymatic activity which leads to deterioration and inactivates bacteria and microorganisms that are naturally found on certain foods when stored at 0 degrees Fahrenheit, according to the USDA. Whether fruits and vegetables are fresh, frozen are canned, any of these varieties are better than nothing at all.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #444444; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Freezing is a handy way of preserving many different kinds of food products. Food decomposes much more slowly when frozen. Yet, most of us are easily able to tell the difference between a fresh food item and its frozen alternative. Here we explore these differences, with a comparative study of fresh-versus-frozen foods.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Fresh strawberries are a healthy addition to any diet. The health value of frozen strawberries depends on the type you choose. Unsweetened frozen strawberries provide many of the same nutrients as fresh and their benefits are available year-round; however, sweetened versions may add too much sugar to your diet.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In 1998, the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) confirmed that frozen fruits and vegetables provide the same essential nutrients and health benefits as fresh. It's no wonder. Frozen fruits and vegetables are nothing more than fresh fruits and vegetables that have been blanched (cooked for a short time in boiling water or steamed) and frozen within hours of being picked. Further, frozen fruits and vegetables are processed at their peak in terms of freshness and nutrition.What's not to like?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The idea is to focus on getting MORE fruits and vegetables in your diet. Fresh, frozen, diced, sliced, steamed, raw, whatever. You just want more. In fact, starting in March of 2007, the CDC and the Produce for Better Health Foundation are launching a national campaign with the slogan, "Fruits & Veggies -- More Matters." <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The new message replaces the old "Five a Day" campaign, which dates back to the early 1990s. Why? Because five servings of fruits and vegetables is just not enough. Adults need anywhere from seven to 13 cups of produce daily to reap all the health benefits of fruits and vegetables. So, more really does matter.

Abstract
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">An experiment was conducted to determine if subjects in the 7th and 8th grade can tell the difference between store frozen strawberries and fresh frozen strawberries by the sense of taste. It was hypothesized that 12 out of the 20 subjects will be able to tell the difference between the types of strawberries. The experiment was run with 20 subjects to taste both types of strawberries, after the subjects tasted the strawberries the subjects wrote down which one was which. The average was 12 out of 20 subjects could tell the difference between the two types of strawberries. The results show that subjects in the 7th and 8th grade can tell the difference between the strawberries.