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Title
Which sugar cookie recipe will students prefer?

Broad Question
Does changing one ingredient in a recipe affect the taste of the cookies?

Specific Question
If the liquid ingredient is changed in a sugar cookie recipe, which sugar cookie will students prefer?

Hypothesis
It is hypothesized that the students will choose the pepsi recipe over the other recipes. This was predicted, because Pepsi is the most popular soda out of the others that were chosen for this experiment.

Independent Variable:
Liquid ingredient

Dependent Variable:
Score of the cookie

Variables That Need To Be Controlled:
temperature of the oven, how long cookies were in the oven, amount of each ingredient

Vocabulary List That Needs Explanation
Score of the Cookie - The subjects score the cookies on a scale of 1-4, 1 for their least favorite and 4 for their favorite.

General Plan
An experiment will be conducted to see which sugar cookie recipe students will prefer, a normal one baked with vanilla extract, or those cooked with Dr.Pepper, Root Beer, or Pepsi instead. The seventh grade students of Josiah Bartlett Elementary School will be asked to try these four different cookies and see which cookie they prefer. They will then award each cookie a point value, 1 point equals least favorite cookie up to 4 equaling favorite. After that, all the data will be put together to show which cookie the majority of the students chose.

Potential Problems And Solutions
Throughout the experiment there were a lot of challenges. For example, the cookies should have all been baked at the same time so that one batch isn’t stale and the others fresh. When the cookies were being scored by the students, the students should have come into the room one by one so there wasn’t the effect of scoring the cookies the way the students friend was. Another problem was the way they were given, they should have all been laid out on paper towels instead of three kinds of cookies on paper towels and one in a plastic container.

Safety Or Environmental Concerns
Getting burned by the oven - wear oven mitts when taking cookies out Choking hazard - warn students to take small bits and chew thoroughly before swallowing

Experimental Design
(add the correct headings from the experimental design page before beginning)

Time Line
3-12 Complete design and collection of all materials.(JBES) 3-12 Run a test of set up, not collecting data, just seeing if everything works (JBES) 3-14 Run first official trials of experiment, collect first data(JBES) 3-21 Complete all trials of experiment and all data collection(home) 3-23 Complete all data analysis; mean, median, range, graphs(home) 3-26 Complete results and conclusions write up(home)

recipe ingredients:

 * 2 3/4 cups all-purpose flour
 * 1 teaspoon baking soda
 * 1/2 teaspoon baking powder
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1 cup butter, softened
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1 1/2 cups white sugar
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1 egg
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1 teaspoon vanilla extract

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Leaving out flavorings, like salt, vanilla, etc. Then it just affects the taste.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How to set up a taste test

Detailed Procedure

 * 1) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gather all materials
 * 2) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Preheat oven to 375 degrees
 * 3) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Mix original ingredients into bowl
 * 4) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Make small balls of dough (size of vanilla wafers)
 * 5) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place dough on non-stick cookie sheet about 1-11/2 in. apart
 * 6) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Set timer to 10 min.
 * 7) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place cookies into oven and start timer
 * 8) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Take them out when the timer goes off
 * 9) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Let sit for 10-15min.
 * 10) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place cookies into the plastic container wrapped in a napkin, label this A
 * 11) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 3 through 9 using Dr.Pepper
 * 12) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place cookies into the plastic container wrapped in a napkin, label this B
 * 13) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 3 through 9 using Pepsi
 * 14) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place cookies into the plastic container wrapped in a napkin, label this C
 * 15) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat steps 3 through 9 using Root Beer
 * 16) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Place cookies into the plastic container wrapped in a napkin, label this D
 * 17) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Take cookie containers to school
 * 18) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Have students taste 1 of each cookie: A,B,C,D
 * 19) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Give the students the score sheet
 * 20) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Ask students to record their first favorite cookie, second, third and fourth
 * 21) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Collect student score sheets
 * 22) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">On each student score sheet, replace the first favorite choice with the number 4, the next favorite choice with the number 3, the next favorite choice with the number 2, and the last favorite choice with 1(the numbers are how many points they have given the cookie)
 * 23) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Record numbers on data table
 * 24) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Repeat this for each student score sheet
 * 25) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Find the mean score for each cookie

Photo List

 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">each platter of cookies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">baking cookies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">students trying cookies
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">students rating cookies

Results
Seven people, or 28% of the subjects, rated Pepsi as their favorite. Six people, or 25% of the subjects, rated Original (vanilla) as their favorite. Three people, or 24% of the subjects, rated Root Beer as their favorite. And two people, or 23% of the subjects, rated Dr. Pepper as their favorite.

All Raw Data
media type="custom" key="14167188"

Photos




Conclusion
<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This experiment tried to answer “What sugar cookie recipe will students prefer?” The answer was the Pepsi recipe. In the experiment there were four different batches of sugar cookies made; Original (vanilla), Dr. Pepper, Pepsi, and Root Beer. 28 percent chose the Pepsi recipe, with a score of 50 and an average of 2.78, 25% chose the Original (vanilla) recipe, with a score of 45 and an average of 2.5, 24% chose the Root Beer recipe, with a score of 43, and an average of 2.39, and 23% chose the Dr. Pepper recipe, with a score of 42, and an average of 2.33.

Discussion
<span style="background-color: transparent; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The question this experiment is based on is, “What sugar cookie recipe will students prefer?” The question was answered, students preferred the Pepsi recipe. The evidence found, is that the Pepsi score was greater than the other scores. A spreadsheet shows the trials and percentage of each cookie recipe. The hypothesis was that it is hypothesized that the students will choose the pepsi recipe other than the other recipes. And the hypothesis was supported by the results. <span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">A pattern identified within the data is that each recipe has a score of 4-5 1s. The relationship between the independent and dependent variable was strong. <span style="background-color: transparent; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #000000; font-family: Verdana; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Throughout the experiment there were a lot of challenges. For example, the cookies should have all been baked at the same time so they one isn’t stale and the others fresh. When the cookies were being scored by the students, the students should have come into the room one by one so there wasn’t the effect of scoring the cookies the way the students friend was. Another problem was the way they were given, they should have all been laid out on paper towels instead of three kinds of cookies on paper towels and one in a plastic container. In the experiment an oven and a microwave timer were used. The information that was collected was the recipe and directions for making the cookies. In order to make the cookies, a recipe was needed and to bake the cookies an oven was needed. In this experiment one lesson that was learned, was that sometimes you can change a recipe and that if you change a recipe, that it might even do better. The knowledge gained through this experiment could be useful to any bakers/bakeries because vanilla extract cost a lot of money and if it tastes the same/better than people will be more satisfied whether you’re the baker or the taster. If you can bake with a cheaper liquid and still get the same outcome than why not bake with that liquid rather than a more expensive liquid. Saving money to bake with soda pop rather than vanilla(and still get the same outcome) could have a big impact on the society as far as money use goes.

Abstract
<span style="background-color: transparent; display: block; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This experiment tried to answer “What sugar cookie recipe will students prefer?” In the experiment there were four different batches of sugar cookies made; Original (vanilla), Dr. Pepper, Pepsi, and Root Beer. 28 percent chose the Pepsi recipe, with a score of 50 and an average of 2.78, 25% chose the Original (vanilla) recipe, with a score of 45 and an average of 2.5, 24% chose the Root Beer recipe, with a score of 43, and an average of 2.39, and 23% chose the Dr. Pepper recipe, with a score of 42, and an average of 2.33.