Heart+Rate+Recovery

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Title
Heart Rate Recovery

Problem Scenario
I am testing this because what if people that exercise more often have a stronger heart then people who do not exercise that much. If my hypothesis is true then this will prove that people that exercise often are healthier. Hopefully this will get people to make the wise decision of exercising.

Broad Question
Do peoples bodies recover after exercise?

Specific Question
Does the heart rate of people that exercise often recover faster than the heart rate of people who do not exercise often?

Hypothesis
I predict that the people that exercise most often heart rate will recover the fastest after vigorous exercise.

Independent Variable:
the amounts of exercise the subject gets

Dependent Variable:
the subject's heart rate

Variables That Need To Be Controlled:
Amount of exercise they do before I record their heart rate

Vocabulary List That Needs Explanation
Heart rate = beats per minute.

General Plan
First I will gather 3 categories of people categorizing them by how much exercise they get. Then I am going to compare the heart rates of different people and see which categories heart rate recovers the fastest. Last I will graph the difference.

Potential Problems And Solutions
The weather outside, exercise in the gym. Not enough subjects for each category in my science class, my home roommates

Safety Or Environmental Concerns
People with a preexisting heart issues. People with exercise induced asthma.

What is your experimental unit?
The subjects heart rate after exercise.

Number Of Trials:
18

Number Of Subjects In Each trial:
9

Number of Observations (per subject):
8

When data will be collected
February 4th thru March 1st

Where will data be collected?:
KMS Team two hallway/science classroom

Resources and Budget Table

 * Item || Number needed || Where I will get this || Cost ||
 * People that regularly exercise || 3 || my class || $0.00 ||
 * People that moderately exercise || 3 || my class || $0.00 ||
 * People that rarely exercise || 3 || my class || $0.00 ||
 * Paper || 5 sheets || my house || $0.00 ||
 * Poster board || 1 || Staples || $5.00 or less ||
 * Ink cartridge || 1 || my house || $0.00 ||
 * Computer || 1 || my house || $0.00 ||
 * Timer || 1 || Wall-Mart || $5.00 or less ||

Detailed Procedure
I will take 3 people that regularly exercise, 3 people that moderately exercise and 3 people that rarely exercise. I will then take all of their resting heart rates then ask them to sprint 45 jumping jacks. When they finish I will take there heart rate 2 seconds after they finish, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, 15 seconds, 30 seconds, 45 seconds and 60 seconds. I will then gather the results and compare the recovery of the heart rate of people who regularly exercise, moderately exercise and rarely exercise.

2nd Experiment
I will then record the data in excel making a scatter plot. From that scatter plot I will take the equation for each person and insert x as 60 (sec). This should give me the heart rate of the subjects 60 seconds after exercise. I will then take 3 more different people, 1 for each category, ask them to what category they fit under, give them the predicted heart rate at 60 seconds then, see if it matches the prediction.

Photo List
People exercising.

Time Line
February 1, Procedure, Timeline and Photo List complete. February 4, begin experiments no later then. March 1, experiments completed. March 7, Analysis March 15, Discussion and Background. March 15, Wiki Complete. March 22, Posters complete. March 29, KMS science fair.

Data Table
Green = Subject that exercises regularly Orange = Subject that moderately exercises Blue = Subject that rarely exercises
 * Subject || Resting || 2 sec. || 5 sec. || 10 sec. || 15 sec. || 30 sec. || 45 sec. || 60 sec. ||
 * Subject 1 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 2 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 3 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 4 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 5 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 6 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 7 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 8 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||
 * Subject 9 ||  ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||   ||

All Raw Data
Green = Subjects that exercises regularly Orange = Subjects that moderately exercises Blue = Subjects that rarely exercises
 * Name of subject || Resting || 2 sec. || 5 sec. || 10 sec. || 15 sec || 30 sec || 45 sec || 60 sec. ||
 * Subject 1 || 60 || 165 || 165 || 155 || 140 || 110 || 80 || 65 ||
 * Subject 2 || 55 || 160 || 155 || 145 || 130 || 100 || 65 || 60 ||
 * Subject 3 || 55 || 165 || 160 || 150 || 135 || 110 || 70 || 60 ||
 * Subject 4 || 70 || 170 || 165 || 160 || 145 || 120 || 95 || 75 ||
 * Subject 5 || 60 || 165 || 160 || 155 || 145 || 120 || 90 || 65 ||
 * Subject 6 || 70 || 170 || 170 || 160 || 145 || 125 || 100 || 75 ||
 * Subject 7 || 80 || 180 || 180 || 170 || 160 || 145 || 130 || 120 ||
 * Subject 8 || 85 || 195 || 195 || 195 || 190 || 180 || 165 || 145 ||
 * Subject 9 || 85 || 195 || 195 || 190 || 180 || 170 || 150 || 135 ||


 * Subject || Equation ||
 * Subject 1 || y = 0.0094x2 - 1.6464x + 185.04 ||
 * Subject 2 || y = -0.0108x2 - 0.2082x + 196.3 ||
 * Subject 3 || y = -0.0014x2 - 0.975x + 198.23 ||
 * Subject 4 || y = 0.0016x2 - 1.7678x + 175.56 ||
 * Subject 5 || y = -0.003x2 - 1.5674x + 168.94 ||
 * Subject 6 || y = 0.0022x2 - 1.8762x + 174.77 ||
 * Subject 7 || y = 0.0115x2 - 2.619x + 172.6 ||
 * Subject 8 || y = 0.0184x2 - 2.9801x + 169.49 ||
 * Subject 9 || y = 0.0072x2 - 2.3599x + 174.2 ||


 * Subject || Predicted heart rate at 60 sec. ||
 * 1 || 120.096 ||
 * 2 || 144.928 ||
 * 3 || 134.69 ||
 * 4 || 75.252 ||
 * 5 || 64.096 ||
 * 6 || 70.118 ||
 * 7 || 56.86 ||
 * 8 || 56.924 ||
 * 9 || 58.526 ||


 * Category || Median predicted heart rate ||
 * 1 || 134.69 ||
 * 2 || 70.118 ||
 * 3 || 56.86 ||



Results
For my results,

Conclusion
Because I hypothesized that the subjects that exercised the most days a week would recover the fastest after exercise I accept my hypothisis because my data proves this correct. The subjects that rarely exercise had the slowest recovery rate, the subjects that exercised moderately had a moderate recovery time, and the subjects that exercised regularly had the fastest recovery rate, exactly what I expected.

Discussion
My experiment could have a number of errors including lack of circulation in the arm I was testing giving me an inaccurate heart rate. I solved that by taking any wrist bands off the subjects wrist. The second error that could have happened is if the subject gave me a false amount of time they exercise each week. Once completed with my original experiment I contemplated on ways I could improve it. That's when Mr.Biche gave me the idea of giving a formula to each category so I could insert the elapsed time since they exercised as x and see what the heart rate would be. I decided that the idea could be a possibility and jumped right on it. Another way I could improve my experiment is by testing different age groups. The reason why I would do that is so I could broaden my target population and different age groups have different heart rates (younger=faster and older=slower). The third way I could improve on is by making the amount of exercise less vague. I could do this by asking the amount of time they do a cardiovascular exercise in a week. Last I could see if caffeine drinks or medication had an effect on the heart rate. While recording my data I noticed a very obvious trend in the heart rates. The trend was that the people that exercised regularly had a drastically lower heart rate compared to the people that exercised rarely. This showed that exercise does effect the cardiovascular system. One way my data could benefit to science is it shows that exercise does have an impact on health which could help our societies sedentary youth.

Benefit Community and/or Science
One way my data could benefit to science is it shows that exercise does have an impact on health which could help our societies sedentary youth.

Abstract
For my experiment I took nine people in three categories, the categories being how much they exercise. I took the subjects made them exercise then recorded there heart rate gradually after the exercising. I then recorded the data into Google docs and made a bar graph showing the average recovery rate for each category. After that I recorded the data in excel and made a scatter plot. From that I made an equation for each subject so I could insert x as the amount of time (sec) since they exercised and see their heart rate at that time. I then took another experiment (with different subjects), asked them how much they exercised, found the predicted heart rate, then compared the prediction to the real thing.